American Commercial Space Weather Association (ACSWA)

The American Commercial Space Weather Association (ACSWA) is an association of companies that promotes space weather risk mitigation for critical national infrastructure related to national daily life, economic strength, and national security. ACSWA, as an association and in conjunction with its member companies, is playing a vital role by identifying important data and technology gaps that can be filled by private or government actions and by developing value-added products and services for the benefit of human and property safety as well as for vibrant commerce. Learn More About ACSWA

News:

U.S. agencies take stock of what it would take to transition space weather research into an operational system that could forecast solar events with more precision and advance warning than is possible now. News

Space weather needs more attention experts say during a recent NOAA conference. Total economic impact in the first year alone from a solar storm could reach $2 trillion. News

A recent article describes the potential impact of solar storms on power networks, pipelines, radio communications, and GPS. News

ACSWA participated in the Space Weather Workshop in Boulder, CO, April 15-19, 2013. Since then ACSWA has attended every ANNUAL Space Weather Workshop in Colorado, every spring including the most recent one in Boulder in April 2019. Some examples from the 2013 Space Weather Workshop are presented below.

ACSWA presents short course on Services in the Commercial Sector at the 93rd American Meteorological Society (AMS) Meeting. News

About ACSWA

Our Association

The American Commercial Space Weather Association (ACSWA) is comprised of 19 companies with the common goal of developing, delivering, and sustaining key space weather products and services to mitigate threats to societal infrastructure. Space weather is a natural hazard that disrupts and damages modern systems, including electric power grids, airlines, global navigation, and satellite operations. ACSWA plays an essential role in the academic-governmental-commercial triad that forms the space weather enterprise. ACSWA companies provide the insight, innovation, and cost-benefit to our Nation’s preparedness and responsiveness to space weather threats. ACSWA helps protect America’s economic strength and national security.

ACSWA products and services include both data and technology needed for space weather resilience. Member companies develop value-added products and services informed by their unique relationship with industry partners and in-depth understanding of specific user needs. Contributions include risk and threat assessment, scientific discovery, data product development, numerical modeling and simulations, data assimilation, machine learning, enterprise IT, sensor response modeling, small satellite deployment, and development and operation of ground-based and space-based sensors. ACSWA companies also propose and deliver novel solutions such as data buys from commercially-owned observational platforms. These comprehensive contributions support space weather preparedness across the public and private sectors.

ACSWA is a collective voice for the commercial space weather sector and an advocate for the enterprise. Since its inception in 2010 beginning with five companies, ACSWA has quadrupled in size. ACSWA serves as a catalyst for collaboration between various organizations and the commercial space weather industry. ACSWA works with government agencies, academia, and industry stakeholders to strengthen the space weather enterprise and to promote space weather, space weather partnerships, and public/commercial initiatives.

A summary of the broad technical capabilities in space weather that are available from the association can be found in the capabilities section.

ACSWA – Building a strong space weather enterprise

Members

ACSWA is an association of companies that promotes space weather risk mitigation for critical national infrastructure related to daily life, economic strength, and national security. These companies work with ACSWA to develop original data streams as well as value-added space weather products and services that benefit human and property safety as well as sustain vibrant commerce. Through ACSWA you can find the most qualified company to deliver the excellence in products and services you require to meet your space weather related needs. We invite you to click on the logos below to learn more about the capabilities offered by our members. The “Read more >” links lead to quad charts that provide a top level profile of the member’s space weather capabilities as well as contact information. All the quad charts provided by members can also be found here.

Pleine Lune


Pleine Lune is a French website giving general information about the moon, more specifically Full Moons and New Moons, providing detailed calendars for them as well as lunar and solar eclipses.
Read more >

Atmospheric and Environmental Research (AER)


AER offers unique weather, space weather, and climate R&D, consulting, and services as well as related remote sensing and forecast modeling expertise. AER has extensive expertise in developing algorithms and performing sensor engineering design trade-off studies for meteorological parameters measured by operational and research space-based sensors and systems.
Read more >

Atmospheric & Space Technology Research Associates (ASTRA)


ASTRA is a space technology company with a foundation in fundamental space physics research. From this platform of research, ASTRA develops and deploys ground and space-based instrumentation for space weather monitoring used in Space Situational Awareness
Read more >

Carmel Research Center (CRC)


For more than 30 years, CRC has been at the forefront of space physics and space weather innovation. CRC’s physicists, computer scientists, and technologists work together to push the cutting edge of science and technology, with core expertise in simulations, modeling, and predictions for operational excellence.
Read more >

Computational Physics Inc. (CPI)


Founded in 1984, CPI’s foundation is in science, from the ocean to space. CPI provides scientific and technical support to satellite remote sensing programs, builds earth and planetary radiation models, develops high precision spectral sensors, and builds and maintains magnetometers and real-time hazard models for power utility planning and operations. Read more >
Read more >

GeoOptics


GeoOptics is an environmental data company that delivers a wealth of information about our changing planet. GNSS-Radio Occultation is the foundational dataset for key applications that includes operational daily weather forecasting, space weather ionosopheric measurements, and long-term environmental monitoring and research.

NextGen Federal Systems


NextGen is an innovative information technology and professional services provider specializing in advanced software solutions as well as comprehensive mission and business support services. The NextGen approach is to design, develop, implement, and manage information technology (IT) solutions that measurably improve our customer’s organizational performance.

PlanetIQ, LLC


PlanetIQ is deploying a privately funded constellation of small satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to collect environmental & atmospheric observations from space. The data include measurements of Total Electron Count (TEC), Ionosphere Scintillations, the F-Region, and a number of in-situ properties such as electric and magnetic field vectors, and local charged particle properties.

Predictive Science, Inc.


Predictive Science Inc. (PSI) is an employee-owned company that delivers state-of-the-art scientific solutions to customers. PSI strives to provide exceptional and creative solutions that can be tested against real-world observations and experiments, within a working environment that rewards and encourages professional excellence and ethically-based entrepreneurial activities.

Propagation Research Associates, Inc.


Propagation Research Associates, Inc. is a small company with a highly motivated and innovative staff consisting of physicists, mathematicians, and electrical engineers. Founded to develop remote sensing technology to characterize the refraction and turbulence in the troposphere, PRA evolved this capability into remote sensing in the ionosphere to provide a total electron count (TEC) for understanding radar frequency propagation phenomena in the ionosphere.

Q-up Now


Q-up is dedicated to serving the corporate radio network, amateur radio operator, and the emergency responder communities. Organized in 2011, it provides global, accurate, real-time and forecast high frequency (HF) radio propagation information that accounts for the known effects of dynamic space weather upon the ionosphere.
Read more >

Space Environment Corporation (SEC)


SEC was established in 1989 to develop software and hardware solutions to space science and space weather needs. SEC’s core expertise is in the development and deployment of upper atmosphere models and data analysis tools for space weather forecasts and specifications.
Read more >

Space Environment Technologies (SET)


SET has extensive capabilities in the areas of modeling and simulation of solar irradiances and indices, Dst, spacecraft charging, and satellite drag. The company has developed GOES-R instrument algorithms and a software tool to calculate the historical, real-time, and forecast solar irradiances.
Read more >

Space Hazards Applications (SHA)


Space Hazards Applications investigates the physics that controls space weather and captures that understanding in user friendly applications designed to mitigate impacts to our technological infrastructure. SHA’s primary focus is on providing tools for understanding the impact on satellite systems from the intense high-energy radiation environment that surrounds Earth.

Space Services Holdings, Inc.


Space Services Holdings, Inc. is leading a team of established and entrepreneurial companies to investigate new commercial opportunities in space weather and remote telecommunications applications.

Storm Analysis Consultants (SAC)


SAC is the world’s leading consulting firm in the Analysis of Geomagnetic Storms, Space Weather, and Electro Magnetic Pulse (EMP) and how they impact critical infrastructures, electric power grids, communication systems. SAC provides a range of services that include: assessing and modeling the space weather threat environment and assessing Impact on critical infrastructures and systems, geomagnetic storm nowcasting and forecasting technology tailored to the electrical power Industry.

SciencePrime, LLC


SciencePrime, LLC, offers project management and proposal preparation consulting services concentrating on space weather science and technology. With extensive experience in federal agency efforts to coordinate space weather research activities, SciencePrime advises on a broad range of strategies to help promote and advance space weather knowledge.

Locations

ACSWA members have offices that span the entire continental United States. These locations are close to many federal research laboratories and university research centers that facilitate collaboration with many scientists and provide access to a wealth of scientific information. Wherever you are located there is likely an ACSWA member with an office in a state near you that can service your space weather needs. A list of ACSWA members and their corporate headquarters is provided below for your convenience.

Atmospheric and Environmental Research (AER)
Lexington, Massachussetts 

Atmospheric & Space Technology Research Associates (ASTRA)
Boulder, Colorado


Carmel Research Center (CRC)
Santa Monica, California 

Computational Physics Inc. (CPI)
Springfield, Virginia


Exploration Physics International (EXPI)
Huntsville, Alabama


PlanetIQ, LLC
Bethesda, Maryland
Golden, Colorado 

Predictive Sciences, Inc.
San Diego, California


Q-up Now
Logan, Utah 

Science Environment Corporation (SEC)
Providence, Utah


Space Environment Technologies (SET)
Pacific Palisades, California


Space Services Holdings, Inc.
Houston, Texas 

Storm Analysis Consultants (SAC)
Duluth, Minnesota


Space Hazards Applications (SHA)
Golden, Colorado

Presentations

Interested in space weather? ACSWA makes available the following presentations from its members to engage your interest in space weather and learn about the broad and diverse capabilities of the association.

Conference Presentations & Publications

Roles and Partnership Opportunities: Commercial Sector Contributions. 2018 Space Weather Enterprise Forum, Washington, DC. 25 Jul 2018, Conrad C Lautenbacher, Jr, GeoOptics Inc.
PDF

Priority: Integration of Basic and Applied Research. Prepared by: The American Commercial Space Weather Association (ACSWA). March 2018.
66 KB 2018_SWORM_Goal_5.5.1_Priority_ACSWA .pdf

W. Kent Tobiska, et.al., “ACSWA company capabilities building the U.S. Space Weather Enterprise”, ACSWA Executive Committee 5 October 2017
25MB ACSWA_capabilities.pdf
PDF

Major General Steve Denker, “Space Weather - Key Element for Space Domain Awareness” in the CSWIG/ACSWA Roundtable session on “Growing the Space Weather Enterprise”, Space Weather Workshop, April 2015
767KB Denker 2015 SWW Presentation.pdf
PDF

Dr. David Chenette, “Successes and Challenges in Government-Industry Partnering” in the CSWIG/ACSWA Roundtable session on “Growing the Space Weather Enterprise”, Space Weather Workshop, April 2015
184KB Chenette 2015 SWW Presentation.pdf
PDF

Dr. Conrad Lautenbacher, Jr., “Growing the Space Weather Enterprise: Building a Comitted Partnership” in the CSWIG/ACSWA Roundtable session on “Growing the Space Weather Enterprise”, Space Weather Workshop, April 2015
666KB Lautenbacher 2015 SWW Presentation.pdf
PDF

Dr. Conrad Lautenbacher, Jr., “Growing the Space Weather Enterprise: Roles and Contributions” in the CSWIG/ACSWA Roundtable session on “Growing the Space Weather Enterprise”, Space Weather Workshop, April 2014
1.6MB Lautenbacher 2014 SWW Presentation.pdf
PDF

Dr. Devrie Intriligator, “Building the Space Weather Enterprise”, American Meteorological Society Meeting, January 2013
1.1MB CRC Intriligator AMS 2013.pdf
PDF

Dr. Geoff Crowley, “National Space Weather Infrastructure (& Extreme Events)”, SWEF 2012
2.3MB Space Weather Enterprise Forum - Crowley.pdf
PDF

Crown, M. D. (2012), Validation of the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center’s solar flare forecasting look-up table and forecaster-issued probabilities, Space Weather, 10, S06006, doi:10.1029/2011SW000760 http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/pip/2011SW000760.shtml

AER, April 2018, AE9/AP9/SPM: Radiation Belt and Space Plasma Specification Models
121 KB, ACSW-AER-Material-2018-04-12.pdf
PDF

Relevant Documents

ACSWA Letter of support for House Science
American Commercial Space Weather Association
July 6, 2017 Docs/ACSWA_Letter_of_support_for_House_Science.pdf
1.7MB ACSWA_Letter_of_support_for_House_Science.pdf
PDF

Commercial_Changes_to_HR3086_committee
American Commercial Space Weather Association
October 05, 2017
1.8MB Commercial_Changes_to_HR3086_committee.pdf
PDF

“NATIONAL SPACE WEATHER ACTION PLAN”,
National Science and Technology Council, Executive Office of the President of US
October 2015
585KB final_nationalspaceweatheractionplan_20151028.pdf
PDF

“NATIONAL SPACE WEATHER STRATEGY”,
National Science and Technology Council, Executive Office of the President of US
October 2015
352KB final_nationalspaceweatherstrategy_20151028.pdf
PDF

“Space Weather Research and Forecasting Act”,
115th Congress
88KB PERLMU_001_xml.pdf
PDF

“Roadmap for Actionable Space Weather Advisory Service”,
13 September 2012
85KB RoadmapforSpWxService_RevA.pdf
PDF

Louis J. Lanzerotti,
“New Group to RepreseACSWA.pdfnt the Commercial Sector”,
Space Weather Journal, 20 May 2011
154KB ACSWA.pdf
PDF

Short Courses

Dr. W. Kent Tobiska, “Services in the Commercial Sector”, American Meteorological Society Meeting, January 2013
1.4MB Tobiska_AMS_SpWx_short_course.pdf
PDF

Logos

The ACSWA logo can be downloaded in different resolutions and file formats.

ACSWA_logo_large.jpg (956x544 px)

ACSWA_logo_medium.jpg (481x272 px)

ACSWA_logo_small.jpg (179x102 px)

ACSWA_logo_large.png (956x544 px)

ACSWA_logo_medium.png (481x272 px)

ACSWA_logo_small.png (101x56 px)

Capabilities

What ACSWA Members Do

ACSWA member organizations provide a wide range of space weather data and services to mitigate risks to critical technology. Member companies also supply space weather advisory services to federal government agencies, including providing space weather forecasts, as well as provide space weather information to the public via traditional websites, Google Earth, and smart phone apps. The list below summarizes some of the broad technical capabilities that are available from the association’s members.

News

Events and Articles

ACSWA periodically publishes news items of upcoming events and space weather related articles that would be of interest to the general community.

July 2023

Space Weather Piques Interest in U.S. and Global Space Communities

The impact solar storms have on man-made objects they cross paths with in space is becoming a matter of concern among U.S. government officials as reported in a Space News article. “What is clearly understood is that space weather can damage or disrupt the electronic circuits that serve as the neural pathways for critical civilian and defense satellites, distort the timing signals of widely used navigation satellites such as GPS, and damage human tissue outside of Earth’s protective magnetosphere. Given a severe enough bout of space weather, electronics on or near Earth’s surface could be affected too.” As noted in the article, “… there have been damaging solar storms in the past several decades, including one in 2006 that disrupted GPS signals used by commercial airliners, and one in 1989 that temporarily knocked out the Hydro Quebec power grid that supplies electricity to the entire Canadian province of Quebec.”.

“Recognizing that the nation’s electrical infrastructure has grown exponentially [over the past few decades] …, some U.S. policymakers are pushing to make space weather a matter of national security.” There is a substantial need to improve space weather forecasting as current capabilities are only equivalent to the state of the “terrestrial weather community … in the 1970s.” “U.S. agencies are tackling the problem by taking stock of what it would take to transition space weather research into an operational system that could forecast solar events with more precision and advance warning than is possible now. Work on a so-called Unified National Space Weather Capability, an effort to which eight civilian agencies and the Department of Defense are contributing, officially began in 2022 with the signing of an interagency memorandum of understanding.” "Meanwhile, the United States has also made some inroads on international cooperation on space weather forecasting … [by NOAA signing] an agreement with the U.K. Met Office … to share the U.S.-built ENLIL computer model with British forecasters and [establishing] regular data sharing between the U.K. and NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center [SWPC] in Boulder, Co. "

June 2023

Space Weather Needs More Attention, Experts Say

A recent article in the Courier-Post reports that “[m]ore than a dozen NASA spacecraft suffered data outages or had to be rebooted” when “powerful solar flares pounded the the Earth” for about two weeks in March 2022. “[T]here were fears the space storm would disrupt power networks, commercial aviation and communications systems.” The article refers to a 2009 National Academy of Sciences report that warns the "total economic impact in the first year alone could reach $2 trillion, some 20 times greater than the costs of a Hurricane Katrina.”

April 2023

Protecting the Power Grid and GPS from Solar Storms

A recent article in Reuters succintly describes the potential impact of solar storms on power networks, pipleines, radio commnications, and the global positioning system (GPS). '[E]xtreme geomagnetic storms are a classic example of a “low-frequency, high-consequence” event. It is difficult to say how much the industry should invest to avert the risk.

Power networks, pipelines, radio communications and the global positioning system (GPS) are all entering a period of increased risk of outages from geomagnetic storms as the solar activity cycle peaks in 2023. So far the increase in solar activity has been smaller than expected. Nevertheless, there is no reason for complacency. Major geomagnetic storms are more frequent during the periods of maximum solar activity that occur every 11 years but can occur at any time, sometimes with serious results. Grid operators might have just 30 minutes notice of an incoming storm to take emergency action. () The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) in Boulder, Colorado, classifies storms on a five-point scale. Minor (G1) and moderate (G2) storms are relatively common, occurring on about 1,200 days out of every 11-year cycle, but are barely perceptible. Most cause only small voltage fluctuations in power grids and faded signals on high-frequency radio networks. For a lucky few, the northern lights (aurora borealis) may be visible as far south as Idaho and New York. Severe (G4) and extreme (G5) storms are less frequent, occurring on just 60 and four days, respectively, in every 11 years but do much worse damage. In an extreme storm, power systems experience widespread voltage control problems, with the risk of blackouts or complete collapse. Electric currents reaching hundreds of amperes surge through pipelines. Satellite navigation may degrade or be unavailable for days at a time, and the aurora is visible in Florida and Texas, according to NOAA. In March 1989, an extreme geomagnetic storm blacked out the whole of Hydro-Quebec's power network in less than 90 seconds, wiping out power to 6 million people for up to nine hours. A series of geomagnetic squalls in late October and early November 2003, known as the Halloween storm, knocked out two transformers in southern England, a transformer in South Africa, and caused blackouts in Sweden. Aircraft had to be re-routed away from polar latitudes, and astronauts on the International Space Station were ordered to take shelter as a precaution. Far worse storms have occurred in the past. A massive storm in 1921 halted telegraph service throughout the eastern United States. If it were repeated today, it would leave 130 million people without power and permanently damage 350 hard-to-replace transformers, according to one estimate cited by the U.S. National Research Council ("Severe Space Weather Events: Understanding Societal and Economic Impacts" 2008). The biggest storm of all occurred in 1859. Known as the Carrington Event, it was really two massive blasts on Aug. 28 and Sept. 2. The northern lights were visible as far south as Panama, so strong that they lit up the night sky as if it were day in the Rockies and New York. The Carrington Event took down the infant telegraph service across North America, but power grids and radio broadcasting did not yet exist, so its impact was limited. In today's fully electrified society, dependent on mass communication and GPS, the same storm would bring the economy to a standstill.

EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
Geomagnetic storms are triggered when a billion tonnes or more of solar plasma erupts from the surface of the sun at speeds of up to 3,000 kilometres per second, in what is known as a coronal mass ejection (CME).
If the mass ejection occurs in the direction of Earth, it can interact with the planet’s own magnetic field and induce a substantial voltage on the surface. Long man-made conducting paths such as transmission lines, metallic pipelines, cables and railways act as antennae, focusing and transferring the current.
NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center and Canada’s Space Weather Forecast Center both monitor CMEs and issue advisories about geomagnetic storms through a series of short-term forecasts as well as alerts and warnings in real time. Among the main customers are electricity transmission companies.
But CMEs are difficult to predict. They often batter Earth about four to five days after a solar flare is observed, but not always. The Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite, stationed a million miles from Earth, can detect the intensity of an incoming storm but may give as little as 30 minutes warning of its arrival. Forecasters issue a Sudden Impulse Warning, which indicates the Earth’s magnetic field will soon be distorted by an incoming geomagnetic disturbance.
Demand for solar weather predictions and warnings has grown rapidly from operators of power, communications and navigation systems and airlines, but the crucial ACE satellite is aging and nearing the end of its useful life.

NETWORK PERILS
Geomagnetic storms can damage the power grid in two ways. The more likely (but less serious) problem is when a storm destabilises voltage across the network, causing relays and generating units to shut down as a precaution to prevent further damage to the grid. This is essentially what happened in Quebec and southern England.
The mass blackout across the Northeast United States and into Canada in August 2003, which left 50 million people without electricity for up to four days, was caused by tree growth tangling with power lines rather than geomagnetic storms. Nevertheless, it demonstrates how such a problem in one part of the network can cascade across the grid if not controlled properly.
Provided no serious physical damage is done, the network can be restarted in a matter of hours or days. All grids have procedures for a “black start” following complete collapse: first by starting up specialist diesel generators, re-energising selected power plants, connecting them to the grid, then gradually bringing the rest of the power generating sets back online and gradually restoring power to customers one area at a time.
Less likely (but much more damaging) would be if a storm caused some of the extra-high voltage (EHV) transformers on the network to overheat and burn out. Most networks have only limited supplies of EHV transformer components, and there would be long lead-times for designing, manufacturing and installing new ones.
If a large number of transformers were fried, it might take months to restore power, according to a report on the “Effects of Geomagnetic Disturbances on the Bulk Power System” published by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) in February 2022.

BRACING FOR THE BIG ONE
Risks to the network and transformers are heightened when power lines and transformers are operating close to capacity. The biggest danger comes in spring and autumn, when a relatively small number of power plants are operating and transmission is in high demand.
The simplest way to safeguard the network is to cut the demand for transmission, which lowers the operating temperature of the transformers so they have more room to rise safely without causing permanent damage. Grid operators can cut pressure on the network by increasing the amount of local generation (calling up more units from standby). In extreme cases, customers’ power can be disconnected. Better a temporary loss of supply than one that lasts for months.
Following the geomagnetic storms in Halloween 2003 and the mass blackout in August 2003, the industry has been studying how to improve grid control to isolate problems and reduce the chance that failures will cascade across the network.
Upgrading to newer and more reliable transformers can also harden the network against the risk of burn-out and failure.
Interest in space weather prediction is rising. The hope is that even a few minutes notice about an incoming storm at level G4 or G5 could allow networks to move to a safer operating mode or temporarily shut down as a precaution.
The problem is that extreme geomagnetic storms are a classic example of a “low-frequency, high-consequence” event. It is difficult to say how much the industry should invest to avert the risk of another 1921 or Carrington Event, or how often it would be acceptable to ramp up generation or shut off customers to minimise the risk.

ACSWA Attends Space Weather Workshop

ACSWA was present at the Space Weather Workshop in Boulder, Colorado, April 15th - 19th, 2023.

January 2023

ACSWA Gives Commercial Space Weather Short Course

Kent Tobiska, President of Space Environment Technologies and Director of the USU Space Weather Center, gave a short course on Services in the Commercial Sector on January 6, 2023 at the 93rd American Meteorological Society (AMS) Meeting in Austin, Texas. A copy of the short course presentation slides can be found here.

May 2021

New Group to Represent the Commercial Sector

The formation of ACSWA to represent commercial space weather groups and to foster collaboration and communication between various organizations is described in a Space Weather Journal article.

Contact Us

ACSWA Executive Committee

Devrie Intriligator
Carmel Research Center (CRC)
PO Box 1732
Santa Monica, CA 90406
Voice: 310-453-2983
Email:crcsmca1@gmail.com
URL: www.carmelresearchcenter.com

Bob Schunk
Space Environment Corporation (SEC)
221 N. Gateway Drive, Suite A.
Providence, UT 84332-9791
Voice: 435-752-6567
Email: rws4405@yahoo.com
URL: spacenv.com

Geoff Crowley
Atmospheric and Space Technology Research Associates (ASTRA)
5777 Central Ave, Ste 221
Boulder, CO 80301
Voice: 210-834-3475
Email: gcrowley@astraspace.net
URL: astraspace.net

W. Kent Tobiska
Space Environment Technologies (SET)
1676 Palisades Dr.
Pacific Palisades, CA 90272
Voice: 310-573-4185
Fax: 310-454-9665
Email: ktobiska@spacenvironment.net
URL: spacewx.com

Rob Robinson
InSpace
251 18th Street South, Suite 650
Arlington, VA 22202
Voice: 301-922-8934
Email: bobr@inspacenow.com
URL: inspacenow.com

Conrad Lautenbacher
GeoOptics
201 N. Orange Grove Blvd., Suite 503
Pasadena, CA 91103
Voice: 713-296-0239
Email: cclsel@comcast.net
URL: geooptics.com

Alec Engell
NextGen Federal Systems
2021-G Pulaski Highway
Havre de Grace, MD 21078
Email: aengell@nextgenfed.com
URL: nextgenfed.com

Webmaster: dbouwer@spacenvironment.net